Early-Life Programming of Aging and Longevity: The Idea of High Initial Damage Load (the HIDL Hypothesis)





Leonid A. Gavrilov and Natalia S. Gavrilova

Center on Aging, NORC and the University of Chicago, 1155 East 60th Street, Chicago, IL 60637-2745, USA



In 1991 we suggested a scientific idea that living organisms are developing with an exceptionally high load of initial damage, which is comparable with the amount of subsequent aging-related deterioration accumulating during the rest of entire adult life (Gavrilov and Gavrilova, 1991, "The Biology of Life Span"; http://www.src.uchicago.edu/~gavr1/index.html#Book).

This idea of High Initial Damage Load (the HIDL hypothesis) predicts that even a small progress in optimizing the early-developmental processes can potentially result in a remarkable prevention of many diseases in later life, postponement of aging-related morbidity and mortality, and significant extension of healthy lifespan (Gavrilov and Gavrilova, 2001, Journal of Theoretical Biology 213(4): 527-545; http://www.src.uchicago.edu/~gavr1/JTB-01.pdf). Thus, the idea of early-life programming of aging and longevity may have important practical implications for developing early-life interventions promoting health and longevity.

In this study we tested the predictions of High Initial Damage Load (HIDL) hypothesis. Specifically, the HIDL hypothesis predicts that early-life events may affect survival in later adult life through the level of initial damage. This prediction is confirmed for such early-life factors as paternal age at person's conception (Gavrilov and Gavrilova, 2003; http://www.src.uchicago.edu/~gavr1/Early-Life-Factors-2003.pdf) and the month of person's birth (Gavrilov and Gavrilova, 1999; http://www.src.uchicago.edu/~gavr1/Season-of-Birth.pdf).

Another testable prediction of the HIDL hypothesis is a prevision of an unusual non-linear pattern of lifespan inheritance. This prediction is tested and confirmed -- familial transmission of lifespan from parents to children follows a non-linear (accelerating) pattern with steeper slopes for offspring lifespan of longer-lived parents, as predicted (Gavrilova and Gavrilov 2001; http://www.src.uchicago.edu/~gavr1/JAAM-Boundaries-for-Human-Longevity.pdf).




Key words: Aging Theory, Early-Life Programming, Parental Age, Season of Birth, Lifespan Inheritance







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