We should focus on postponing frailty, not death
Arguably the single most common misunderstanding about life extension
is that it's about keeping people alive in a physically or mentally
frail state. This is also the main problem that politicians have with
life extension (on account of the expense, apart from anything else),
and if there were the faintest shred of truth in it then it would
indeed be a serious concern. But of course we're actually about
extending or restoring physical and mental youthfulness and vitality.
One of the things I often berate my colleagues for is that they pander
to this: rather than take the bull by the horns and educate
policy-makers and the public, they try to duck the issue by pretending
that gerontology isn't about life extension at all, but rather about
what's called "compression of morbidity" -- keeping us healthy until
very soon before we die, without necessarily delaying death at all.
This is really shameful, firstly because the science tells us quite
clearly that anything which extends healthy lifespan is just about
certain to extend total lifespan by the same amount, i.e. not to
compress morbidity at all, and secondly because people who have only
just ceased to be healthy will probably not be keen on dying just yet.
Being scared to tell politicians the truth does nobody any good. There
have been some minor compressions of morbidity in the past 20 years in
the area of mild disability, but none whatever in severe disability,
and this is why -- it's biologically impossible. Some people have much
shorter morbidity before death than others, it's true, but they aren't
in the state that they were 20 or 50 years previously.
Not only that, even the total elimination (compression to nothing)
of morbidity is not so great if you think about it: dying tomorrow if you
are still in the prime of health is no more attractive at 90 than at 40.
(If you don't believe me, ask a truly healthy 90-year-old!)
Life is already long enough to do the full range of what life offers
Speak for yourself. I'm quite sure I'll never run out of new and
exciting things to do. Now, I agree that that's largely because I have
had a very good education that has taught me how to explore new avenues
as and when I feel bored, and that those less lucky than me in that
regard may have more limited horizons. But remember, when we cure
aging we won't have many frail people any more, and frail people today
are very, very expensive -- in terms of medical care, retirement
benefits and also of course the fact that they're not contributing
wealth to society the way youthful people are. A lot of this freed-up
wealth will be spent on adult education and retraining to enhance the
lives of those who have drawn the shorter straws in today's
cash-strapped world. And on top of that, there will be time to do many
things that we can't do now even if we dedicate our whole life, because
they simply take too long -- visiting distant stars, for instance.